Example for Using SFTP to Log In to Other Devices (DSA Authentication Mode)

To allow the SFTP client to connect to the SSH server, configure the client and server to generate local key pairs, configure the client to generate a DSA public key, send the public key to the server, and bind the public key to the client.

Networking Requirements

SFTP is based on SSH connections. SFTP ensures that users log in to a remote device securely to manage and transfer files, enhancing secure file transfer. Because the device can function as an SFTP client, you can log in to a remote SSH server from the device to transfer files securely.

As shown in Figure 1, after the SFTP server function is enabled on the SSH server, the SFTP client can log in to the SSH server in password, ECC, password-ECC, DSA, password-DSA, RSA, password-RSA, SM2, password-SM2, or all authentication mode for file access.

Figure 1 Networking diagram for access another device by using SFTP

Interface1 in this example represents GigabitEthernet0/0/0.



Configuration Roadmap

The configuration roadmap is as follows:

  1. Configure users client001 and client002 on the SSH server to use different authentication modes to log in to the SSH server.

  2. Configure SFTP client002 and the SSH server to generate local key pairs, and bind the DSA public key of the SSH client to client002 to authenticate the client when the client logs in to the server.

  3. Enable the SFTP server function on the SSH server.

  4. Configure the service type and authorized directory for the SSH users.

  5. Client001 and client002 log in to the SSH server chain SFTP mode to obtain files on the server.

Data Preparation

To complete the configuration, you need the following data:

  • Password authentication for client001

  • DSA authentication (public key: dsakey001) for client002

  • IP address of the SSH server: 10.1.1.2

Procedure

  1. Configure the server to generate a local key pair.

    <HUAWEI> system-view
[~HUAWEI] sysname SSH Server
[*HUAWEI] commit
[~SSH Server] dsa local-key-pair create
Info: The key name will be: SSH SERVER_Host_DSA
Info: The key modulus can be any one of the following : 2048.
Info: Key pair generation will take a short while.
Info: Generating keys...
Info: Succeeded in creating the DSA host keys.

  2. Create SSH users on the server.

    There are several authentication modes for SSH users: password, RSA, password-RSA, DSA, password-DSA, ECC, password-ECC, SM2, password-SM2 and All.

    • If the authentication mode is password, password-ECC, password-DSA, password-sm2 or password-RSA, configure a local user on the server with the same user name.

    • If the authentication mode is RSA, password-RSA, DSA, password-DSA, SM2, password-SM2, ECC, password-ECC, or All, save the RSA, DSA, SM2, or ECC public key generated on the SSH client to the server.

    # Configure VTY user interfaces.

    [~SSH Server] user-interface vty 0 4
[~SSH Server-ui-vty0-4] authentication-mode aaa
[*SSH Server-ui-vty0-4] protocol inbound ssh
[*SSH Server-ui-vty0-4] commit
[~SSH Server-ui-vty0-4] quit

    • Create an SSH user named client001.

      # Create an SSH user named client001 and configure password authentication for the user.

      [~SSH Server] ssh user client001
[*SSH Server] ssh user client001 authentication-type password
[*SSH Server] commit

      # Set a password for client001.

      [~SSH Server] aaa
[*SSH Server-aaa]local-user client001 password
Please configure the password (8-128)
Enter Password:
Confirm Password:

      The password must meet the following requirements:

      • The password is entered in man-machine interaction mode. The system does not display the entered password.

      • A password is a string of 8 to 16 case-sensitive characters and must contain at least two types of the following characters: uppercase letters, lowercase letters, digits, and special characters.

      • Special characters exclude question marks (?) and spaces. However, spaces are allowed in the password if the password is enclosed in quotation marks.
        • Double quotation marks cannot contain double quotation marks if spaces are used in a password.
        • Double quotation marks can contain double quotation marks if no space is used in a password.

        For example, the password "Aa123"45"" is valid, but the password "Aa 123"45"" is invalid.

      The configured password is displayed in ciphertext in the configuration file.

      [*SSH Server-aaa] local-user client001 service-type ssh
[*SSH Server-aaa] local-user client001 level 3
[*SSH Server-aaa] commit
[~SSH Server-aaa] quit

    • Create an SSH user named client002.

      # Create an SSH user named client002 and configure DSA authentication for the user.

      [~SSH Server] ssh user client002
[*SSH Server] ssh user client002 authentication-type dsa
[*SSH Server] ssh authorization-type default root
[*SSH Server] commit

  3. Configure the DSA public key on the server.

    # Configure the client to generate a local key pair.

    <HUAWEI> system-view
[~HUAWEI] sysname client002
[*HUAWEI] commit
[~client002] dsa local-key-pair create
Info: The key name will be: client002_Host_DSA
Info: The key modulus can be any one of the following : 2048.
Info: Key pair generation will take a short while.
Info: Generating keys...
Info: Succeeded in creating the DSA host keys.
[*client002] commit

    # Check the DSA public key generated on the client.

    [~client002] display dsa local-key-pair public
========================================================
Time of Key pair created : 2013-05-21 17:18:17
Key name    : client002_Host_DSA
Key modulus : 1024
Key type    : DSA Encryption Key
========================================================
Key code:

3082019F
  028180
    A49C5EAF 906C80B1 C474CCB0 D47C6965 22DFCF3C
    9602BAD8 FCE8F7E3 7A69BE18 8CB7D858 6B50EEBC
    54BFB089 61A0DD31 5F7F3080 F0DB47E4 ECDCC10E
    7EC18D31 35CD78F7 E002FB6B 4CB59BA5 E2CDB898
    43FAD059 98B8EEA8 E7395FC7 CA9D1655 47927368
    9914AF09 6CFDC125 6CC8A07F DDDE603B F31C4EA4
    0B752AC7 817E877F 
  0214
    CBC5C0BC 2D7B6DFE 15A7F9A3 6F6ED15B 6ECC9F27
  028180
    6D3202E7 4DCAC5DB 97034305 8D79FDB2 76D5CAA2
    C8D00C3D 666F61D4 F2E36445 4027FD04 0D61B2A3
    AF3CED6B C36CC68D E8DF35F9 FAF802ED 73BCBD66
    C55AE0F6 69530C14 1B33A5A1 CF77D636 75A5EF3B
    264AB66E 2A8CFFB1 690E45F8 6FACF1B3 E2A11328
    C14BA7F3 CA0D198B 3ED94368 45BA5E89 F1ADB79E
    F459F826 B9A5CF6D 
  028180
    409C0AE7 1DDDDA8C F3924608 DC32728C D6FA51FB
    B4933D03 E30780E1 676AA9EE E3A9B677 97DB1D3A
    57AF479C 3BDC4096 291B4548 43D88851 DCFEB04D
    593F1459 9145FB0B 071CEEE5 5F951E64 CA6C4C16
    6192B926 9AD8764E E9F8661C 8EC08D08 BD83BCE3
    E054EE39 20207689 433B07A1 1219B9F3 945E88F0
    3A8FC0FB 9883905B 

Host public Key for PEM format Code:
---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----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---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----

Public key code for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys file:
ssh-dss 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 dsa-key

    # Copy the DSA public key generated on the client to the server.

    [~SSH Server] dsa peer-public-key dsakey001 encoding-type der
Info: Enter "DSA public key" view, return system view with "peer-public-key end".
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key] public-key-code begin
Info: Enter "DSA key code" view, return last view with "public-key-code end".
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 3082019F
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 028180
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] A49C5EAF 906C80B1 C474CCB0 D47C6965 22DFCF3C
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 9602BAD8 FCE8F7E3 7A69BE18 8CB7D858 6B50EEBC
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 54BFB089 61A0DD31 5F7F3080 F0DB47E4 ECDCC10E
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 7EC18D31 35CD78F7 E002FB6B 4CB59BA5 E2CDB898
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 43FAD059 98B8EEA8 E7395FC7 CA9D1655 47927368
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 9914AF09 6CFDC125 6CC8A07F DDDE603B F31C4EA4
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 0B752AC7 817E877F
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 0214
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] CBC5C0BC 2D7B6DFE 15A7F9A3 6F6ED15B 6ECC9F27
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 028180
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 6D3202E7 4DCAC5DB 97034305 8D79FDB2 76D5CAA2
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] C8D00C3D 666F61D4 F2E36445 4027FD04 0D61B2A3
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] AF3CED6B C36CC68D E8DF35F9 FAF802ED 73BCBD66
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] C55AE0F6 69530C14 1B33A5A1 CF77D636 75A5EF3B
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 264AB66E 2A8CFFB1 690E45F8 6FACF1B3 E2A11328
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] C14BA7F3 CA0D198B 3ED94368 45BA5E89 F1ADB79E
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] F459F826 B9A5CF6D
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 028180
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 409C0AE7 1DDDDA8C F3924608 DC32728C D6FA51FB
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] B4933D03 E30780E1 676AA9EE E3A9B677 97DB1D3A
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 57AF479C 3BDC4096 291B4548 43D88851 DCFEB04D
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 593F1459 9145FB0B 071CEEE5 5F951E64 CA6C4C16
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 6192B926 9AD8764E E9F8661C 8EC08D08 BD83BCE3
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] E054EE39 20207689 433B07A1 1219B9F3 945E88F0
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] 3A8FC0FB 9883905B
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key-dsa-key-code] public-key-code end
[*SSH Server-dsa-public-key] peer-public-key end
[*SSH Server] commit

  4. Bind the DSA public key to client002.

    [~SSH Server] ssh user client002 assign dsa-key dsakey001
[*SSH Server] commit

  5. Enable the SFTP service on the SSH server.

    # Enable the SFTP service.

    [~SSH Server] interface LoopBack 0
[~SSH Server-LoopBack0] ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
[*SSH Server-LoopBack0] quit
[*SSH Server] sftp server enable
[*SSH Server] ssh server-source -i loopback 0
[*SSH Server] commit

  6. Configure the service type and authorized directory for the SSH users.

    Two SSH users are configured on the SSH server: client001 in password authentication mode and client002 in DSA authentication mode.

    [~SSH Server] ssh user client001 service-type sftp
[*SSH Server] ssh user client001 sftp-directory cfcard:
[*SSH Server] ssh user client002 service-type sftp
[*SSH Server] ssh user client002 sftp-directory cfcard:

  7. Connect the SFTP client to the SSH server.

    # If the client logs in to the server for the first time, enable first authentication on the client.

    Enable first authentication on client001.

    <HUAWEI> system-view
[~HUAWEI] sysname client001
[*HUAWEI] commit
[~client001] ssh client first-time enable
[*client001] commit

    Enable first authentication on client002.

    [~client002] ssh client first-time enable
[*client002] commit

    # Client001 logs in to the SSH server in password authentication mode.

    [~client001] sftp 10.1.1.1
Please input the username:client001
Trying 10.1.1.1 ...
Press CTRL+K to abort
The server is not authenticated. Continue to access it? [Y/N] :y 
Save the server's public key? [Y/N] : y
The server's public key will be saved with the name 10.1.1.1. Please wait
Enter password:

    # Client002 logs in to the SSH server in DSA authentication mode.

    [~client002] sftp 10.1.1.1
Please input the username: client002
Trying 10.1.1.1 ...
Press CTRL+K to abort
The server is not authenticated. Continue to access it? [Y/N] :y 
Save the server's public key? [Y/N] :y 
The server's public key will be saved with the name 10.1.1.1. Please wait.

  8. Verify the configuration.

    # Check the status of the SSH server.

    [~SSH Server] display ssh server status
SSH Version                                : 2.0
SSH authentication timeout (Seconds)       : 60
SSH authentication retries (Times)         : 3
SSH server key generating interval (Hours) : 0
SSH version 1.x compatibility              : Enable
SSH server keepalive                       : Disable
SFTP IPv4 server                           : Enable
SFTP IPv6 server                           : Enable
STELNET IPv4 server                        : Enable
STELNET IPv6 server                        : Enable
SNETCONF IPv4 server                       : Enable
SNETCONF IPv6 server                       : Enable
SNETCONF IPv4 server port(830)             : Disable
SNETCONF IPv6 server port(830)             : Disable
SCP IPv4 server                            : Enable
SCP IPv6 server                            : Enable
SSH IPv4 server port                       : 22
SSH IPv6 server port                       : 22
SSH server source address                  : 10.1.1.1
SSH ipv6 server source address             : 0::0  
SSH ipv6 server source vpnName             : 
ACL name                                   :
ACL number                                 :
ACL6 name                                  : 
ACL6 number                                :
SSH server ip-block                        : Enable

    # Check information about SSH users.

    [~SSH Server] display ssh user-information
----------------------------------------------------
User Name               : client001
Authentication-Type     : password
User-public-key-name    : -
User-public-key-type    : -
Sftp-directory          : cfcard:
Service-type            : sftp

User Name               : client002
Authentication-Type     : dsa
User-public-key-name    : -
User-public-key-type    : -
Sftp-directory          : -
Service-type            : sftp
----------------------------------------------------

Configuration Files

  • SSH server configuration file

    #
 sysname SSH Server
#
dsa peer-public-key dsakey001
public-key-code begin
3082019F
  028180
    A49C5EAF 906C80B1 C474CCB0 D47C6965 22DFCF3C
    9602BAD8 FCE8F7E3 7A69BE18 8CB7D858 6B50EEBC
    54BFB089 61A0DD31 5F7F3080 F0DB47E4 ECDCC10E
    7EC18D31 35CD78F7 E002FB6B 4CB59BA5 E2CDB898
    43FAD059 98B8EEA8 E7395FC7 CA9D1655 47927368
    9914AF09 6CFDC125 6CC8A07F DDDE603B F31C4EA4
    0B752AC7 817E877F 
  0214
    CBC5C0BC 2D7B6DFE 15A7F9A3 6F6ED15B 6ECC9F27
  028180
    6D3202E7 4DCAC5DB 97034305 8D79FDB2 76D5CAA2
    C8D00C3D 666F61D4 F2E36445 4027FD04 0D61B2A3
    AF3CED6B C36CC68D E8DF35F9 FAF802ED 73BCBD66
    C55AE0F6 69530C14 1B33A5A1 CF77D636 75A5EF3B
    264AB66E 2A8CFFB1 690E45F8 6FACF1B3 E2A11328
    C14BA7F3 CA0D198B 3ED94368 45BA5E89 F1ADB79E
    F459F826 B9A5CF6D 
  028180
    409C0AE7 1DDDDA8C F3924608 DC32728C D6FA51FB
    B4933D03 E30780E1 676AA9EE E3A9B677 97DB1D3A
    57AF479C 3BDC4096 291B4548 43D88851 DCFEB04D
    593F1459 9145FB0B 071CEEE5 5F951E64 CA6C4C16
    6192B926 9AD8764E E9F8661C 8EC08D08 BD83BCE3
    E054EE39 20207689 433B07A1 1219B9F3 945E88F0
    3A8FC0FB 9883905B 
public-key-code end
peer-public-key end
#
interface loopback 0
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
sftp server enable
ssh server-source -i loopback 0
ssh user client001
ssh user client001 authentication-type password
ssh user client001 sftp-directory cfcard:
ssh user client001 service-type sftp
ssh user client002
ssh user client002 assign dsa-key dsakey001
ssh user client002 authentication-type dsa
ssh authorization-type default root
ssh user client002 sftp-directory cfcard:
ssh user client002 service-type sftp
#
aaa
 local-user client001 password cipher @%@%UyQs4,KTtSwJo(4QmW#K,LC:@%@%
 local-user client001 level 3
 local-user client001 service-type ssh
 #
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 undo shutdown
 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.0.0
#
user-interface vty 0 4
 authentication-mode aaa
 protocol inbound ssh
#
return

  • Client001 configuration file

    #
 sysname client001
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 undo shutdown
 ip address 10.1.2.2 255.255.0.0
#
 ssh client first-time enable
#
return

  • Client002 configuration file

    #
 sysname client002
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 undo shutdown
ip address 10.1.3.3 255.255.0.0
#
 ssh client first-time enable
#
return
Parent Topic: Configuration Examples for Accessing Other Devices
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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