During network deployment, every network element (NE) must be configured with software and commissioned after hardware installation to ensure that all NEs can communicate with each other. As a large number of NEs are deployed, on-site deployment for each NE requires significant manpower and is time-consuming. In order to reduce the on-site deployment times and the cost of operation and maintenance, the DCN can be deployed.
In Figure 1, to improve reliability, active and standby GNEs can be deployed. If the active GNE fails, the NMS can gracefully switch this function to the standby GNE.